Y Haplogroup Distribution Map R1b1b2/M269

The ARTISANS

We are from the paternal Y-haplogroup R1b, The ARTISIANS! Our paternal ancestors were most likely responsible for the first cave drawings found in France, Portugal, and Spain. Our specific haplogroup is R1b1b2, and is only 4,000-10,000 years old.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lascaux

The Artisans lived in the area of what is present-day England, France, Spain, and Portugal. They first arrived about 30,000 years ago; concurrently with the Aurgnacian Culture. The Artisians brought significant technological progress by shaping flint tools for everyday use. They are the first people to make bead jewelry, and exhibit some form of self-awareness, by adorning themselves. They were the first to use paint and paint in caves, and they are also most noted for creating games, for entertainment and socializing.

The Gravettian culture succeeded the Aurgnacian culture. Archaeologists have found evidence which depicts an advanced culture with elaborate burial practices, projectiles (bow and arrow), and deity worship. Because of their tribal hunter- gatherer organization and bountiful horticultural resources, they were considered a semi- sedentism culture.

R1b's origins lie within this Gravettian culture. More than 50% of present-day European Y- genetic endowment is R1b. The highest concentrations of R1b are in Scotland 80%, Ireland 80%, Wales 90%, UK is split 70%/80%, Netherlands 80%, Northern Spain and Portugal 80%, France 70%, Italy and Central Europe 50%, and Iceland 40%.

http://www.donsmaps.com/lagravette.html

The specific marker that distinguishes our group from the others is M269 which means Scottish, Frisian, North West Irish, and South Irish.

The Frisians are Germanic people living in coastal parts of the Netherlands, Germany, and Dutch Provinces of Friesland.

Our haplogroup is called an Atlantic Modal Haplotype (AMH) because these markers are all present: location: 385a (allele value 14) 388 (14) 390(24) 391(11) 392(13) 393(13)

What does Atlantic Modal Haplotype mean? Specifically, it means that this group left the area of Palestine, moved east over the Caucausus mountains migrating northward, then westward, into Europe, and ending up in Spain. From Spain, this group traveled up the Atlantic coast line invading Ireland. Historically, this group, that left Spain, is called the Milesians.

In his book," Saxons, Vikings, and Celts: The Genetic Roots of Britain and Ireland", Bryan Sykes names five paternal clans specific to the Isles: Ireland, England, Scotland, Wales, and the UK. The names are Oisin (pronounced O'Sheen), Sigurd, Re, Wodan, and Eshu. Our paternal lineage group, according to Sykes, is Oisin. The AMH is the commonest y-chromsome signature of the clan Oisin.

There are regions of y-chromosomal DNA that change rapidly and often. Then, there are regions of y- chromosomal DNA that NEVER change. By these consistent unchanging y- chromosomes, there becomes a very noticeable y- chromosome fingerprint that gets passed on from Father to Son. If there are two men with the same identical y- chromosome fingerprint or signature, they come from the same patrilineal ancestor. Just like in Mitochondrial DNA analysis, an identical sequence means the same maternal ancestor.

http://www.eupedia.com/europe/origins_haplogroups_europe.shtml#R1b-subclades

Other R1b Y- haplogroup members are Niall of the Nine Hostages (High King of Ireland), Colla Uais (High King of Ireland), Emperor Nicholas Romanov II (King of Russia), John Adams, John Quincy Adams (both Presidents of the United States), and Bob H.

Niall of the Nine Hostages marker is M222, not an exact match.

mtDNA and the Origin of the Icelanders: Deciphering Signals of Recent Population History

mtDNA and the Origin of the Icelanders: Deciphering Signals of Recent Population History

PLoS Genetics: Sequences From First Settlers Reveal Rapid Evolution in Icelandic mtDNA Pool

PLoS Genetics: Sequences From First Settlers Reveal Rapid Evolution in Icelandic mtDNA Pool

HELENA - THE COLONISTS

Haplogroup H, the Colonists had a huge expansion all across the Caucasus Mountains, the Near East, Scandinavia, Basque Country, Sardinia, UK, Ireland, and Scotland. What is so amazing about this 30,000-year-old maternal lineage? It appeared in Europe about the same time as the Gravettian culture. The Artisan's (Daddy's Y DNA Haplogroup) were the first people to draw cave paintings, carve stone figures, create and craft musical instruments like flutes, and craft board games on wood or with wood, like bowling balls and pins. The Colonists spread all over, and their expansion includes, to this day, about 50% of the European population, not including the huge number that immigrated or were born in the US.

Helena mtdna is the standard by which other Haplogroups are determined.

Daddy's mutations are: 185G, 195T,263G,309.1C, 315.1C, 16093, and 16519C

Daddy is most definitely Northern Irish, English, Scottish, Orcadian from Orkney Island (settled by Vikings), Icelandic, (Vikings) and Northumbrian, which is an Anglo-Saxon settlement in Northern England where the Hutton Surname originated. I thought this was interesting since this list refers to his maternal lineage. Grand-mom's mother, Clara Rau Noonan was a Celtic, Viking, Anglo-Saxon, and Germanic descendant.

Here are some DNA concordance references:

195[C] 263[G] 315.1[C]

•Miller,1996; FPH.0344; Faroese(1)
•Miller,1996; NIR.0252; Northern Irish(1)
•Calafell,1996; 34; Turk(1)

195[C] 263[G] 309.1[C] 315.1[C]

•Miller,1996; OSA.0025; Orcadian(1)

263[G] 309.1[C] 315.1[C]

Calafell,1996; 17; Bulgar(1)
•Calafell,1996; 22; Bulgar(1)
•Miller,1996; FPH.0581; Faroese(1)
•Miller,1996; FSN.0193; French(1)
•Miller,1996; FSN.0195; French(1)
•Miller,1996; BBM.0092; Northumbrian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSB.0004; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSB.0020; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSR.0002; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSR.0003; Orcadian(1)
•Calafell,1996; 24; Turk(1)

263[G] 315.1[C]

Calafell,1996; 44; Bulgar(1)
•Miller,1996; DPH.0092; Danish(1)
•Miller,1996; FPH.0599; Faroese(1)
•Miller,1996; FPH.0645; Faroese(1)
•Miller,1996; ICE.0270; Icelandic(1)
•Miller,1996; ICE.0814; Icelandic(1)
•Miller,1996; ICEb758; Icelandic(1)
•Miller,1996; BLC.0230; Isle of Lewis(1)
•Miller,1996; NIR.0029; Northern Irish(1)
•Miller,1996; BBM.0037; Northumbrian(1)
•Miller,1996; BBM.0177; Northumbrian(1)
•Miller,1996; BBM.0187; Northumbrian(1)
•Miller,1996; ODN.0013; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; ODN.0016; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSB.0061; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSB.0070; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSR.0007; Orcadian(1)
•Miller,1996; OSY.0002; Orcadian(1)
•Calafell,1996; 38; Turk(1)

16093[C] 263[G] 309.1[C] 315.1[C]

•Miller,1996; OSR.0002; Orcadian(1)

263[G] 309.1[C] 315.1[C]

Miller,1996; FPH.0581; Faroese(1)
•Miller,1996; FSN.0195; French(1)

263[G] 315.1C

•Miller,1996; ICE.0270; Icelandic(1) •Miller,1996; ICE.1758; Icelandic(1) •Miller,1996; ODN.0013; Orcadian(1) •Miller,1996; OSY.0002; Orcadian(1)

16093C

•Miller,1996; NIR.0252; Northern Irish(1)
•Calafell,1996; 34; Turk(1)

16093[C] •Bertranpetit,95; 3; Basque(1)

•Côrte-Real,96; 5; [1]; Basque(2)

•Sajantila,95; SS7+20; Icelandic(1)

•Miller,96; OSR.0002; Orcadian(1)

•DiRienzo,91; 40; Sardinian(1)

•Côrte-Real,96; 5; [1]; Spanish(1)

16024-16089[o] 16093[C] •Richards,96; G-79; [1:2]; Basque(1)

•Richards,96; G-88; [1:2]; Basque(1)

•Richards,96; 362; [1:2]; Cornish(1)

•Richards,96; 363; [1:2]; Cornish(1)

16093[C]

•Bertranpetit,1995; 3; Basque(1)
•Sajantila,1995; SS7+ice20; Icelandic(1)
•Miller,1996; OSR.0002; Orcadian(1)
•Côrte-Real,1996; SP-ALL36; Spanish(1)

Helena is a very common European Haplogroup. Daddy's H12 sub-clad is very rare. A lot more mtdna testing has to be done, before a clearer picture can be obtained by further research. There are twenty-one H sub-clad groups in all. The two groups H-11 and H-12 are the only two that have the 195C mutation.

The Orcadians are descendants of the Norwegian Vikings and the Celtic Pics. They are culturally Germanic people and distinct from the Scottish (Gaelic). While the Island of Orkney is still apart of Scotland, the Orcadians are more related to the Icelander, Shetlanders, and Faroese people.

http://mapofeurope.com/europe/

Who was she? Why is she pictured here?

Empress Alexandra Feodorovna of Russia, the granddaughter of Queen Victoria was born on June 6, 1872 as Princess Alix of Hess and by Rhine in Darmstadt (Germany). She was the sixth child of Grand Duke Louis IV of Hesse and by Rhine and Princess Alice of the United Kingdom. She was the princess consort of Nicholas II, and the last Tsaritsa of Russia.

What were the anthropologists trying to find out? ie why was her DNA tested?

At the end of the February Revolution of 1917, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate. The Romanov family were imprisoned in Ipatiev House at Ekaterinburg in the Urals of Central Russia in 1918 with three servants and the family doctor. On the night of July 16, 1918, the entire Romanov family was shot and killed by the Bolshevik firing squad.

According to legend, two bodies were burnt and the others were buried in a roadside pit. To hinder identification, sulphuric acid was said to have been thrown into the open grave and a truck was driven back and forth over the grave.

The case remained a mystery until July 1991, when nine human skeletons were discovered in a shallow pit around 20 miles from Ekaterinburg, Russia. Historians speculated that the remains belonged to the Romanov family. To help solve the mystery, DNA testing was performed to identify the remains.

http://www.genebase.com/learning/article/74

Daddy and Empress Alexandra share the same Mitochondrial Mother, Helena.

Here are others that share the same lineage:

Willem or William of Germany, Queen Victoria of England, and Earl Mountbatten of Burma.

King James II of England and VII of Scotland, Anne of Austria, the Queen of France. She was the mother of Louie the XIV, also Princess Victoria, granddaughter of Queen Victoria.

Christian VI King of Denmark and Sweden, Henrietta of France was the Mother of two Kings;Charles the II and James II of England and Scotland. Next, William the III King of England and Ireland, also Known as King Billy.

 Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia, her daughter, Frederica of Hanover Queen Consort of Greece ,and Queen Sophia of Spain. Three generations of German Royalty.

King William I of Netherlands, and King Michael I of Romania,

Princess Christine Lousie of Oettingen -Ottingen , Great, Great Grandmother of Marie Antoinette (pictured second) Queen of France, and Princess Wilhelmina of Prussia, Princess of Orange.

There are so many Royal Haplogroup H Cousins, too long a list to note them all, but it's fun looking for them.

Helena are the Colonists that spread all over Europe. Daddy's mtdna H12 sub-clad group is RARE; even though, Helena's mtdna is used as a common reference tool by which to determine other Haplogroups. Elizabeth Noonan passed her H12 DNA to Daddy and his sisters, so the children of Aunt Sissy, Aunt Mary, and Aunt Rita are also H12. The daughters and granddaughters, only, will also pass this rare mtdna on as well.

Note: I am not saying we are royal; just pointing out that Daddy and the aforementioned royals have a common mtdna mother, Helena.  To be related, one must have an exact mutation match. Tzar Romanov shares the same mtdna mother, Tara, the Agrarian (farmer) as Mommy.

The Genographic Project - Human Migration, Population Genetics, Maps, DNA - National Geographic

The Genographic Project - Human Migration, Population Genetics, Maps, DNA - National Geographic

DNA CONCORDANCE- TARA

This particular concordance is now out of date, and means no further data will be entered into this database.

16126[C] 16294[T] 16296[T] 16304[C]

Sajantila,95; F98; Finnish(1)

•Sajantila,95; F110; Finnish(1)
•Sajantila,95; FI84; Finnish(1)
•Sajantila,95; 16; Icelandic(1)
•Sajantila,95; 268; Karelian(1)
•Côrte-Real,96; 70; [2B]; Portuguese(1)
•Côrte-Real,96; 70; [2B]; Spanish (N.)(1)
•Pult,94; SW34; Swiss(1)
•Sajantila,95; 3; Volga-Finnic(1)
•Sajantila,95; 12; Volga-Finnic(1)
•Sajantila,95; 20; Volga-Finnic(1)

16126[C] 16294[T] 16304[C]

Piercy,93; RC1:7; Cauc. UK(1)
•Miller,96; FSN.0138; French(1)
•Miller,96; OSB.0116; Orcadian(1)
•Pult,94; SW57; Swiss(1)

16126[C] 16304[C]

•Miller,96; SIR.0946; N. Irish(1)

16294[T] 16304[C] 16519[C]

•Horai,90; SB23; Swiss(1)

73[G] 263[G] 315.1[C]

•Calafell,96; 8; Bulgar(1) •Calafell,96; 29; Bulgar(1) •Piercy,93; RC1:50; Cauc. UK(1) •Piercy,93; RC1:80; Cauc. UK(1) •Piercy,93; RC1:98; Cauc. UK(1) •Mountain,95; c1; control(1) •Miller,96; BCH.0179; Cornish(1) •Mountain,95; H2; Havik(1) •Mountain,95; H13; Havik(1) •Mountain,95; H24; Havik(1) •Mountain,95; H28; Havik(1) •Mountain,95; H37; Havik(1) •Mountain,95; H48; Havik(1) •Miller,96; ICEb295; Icelandic(1) •Mountain,95; M2; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M3; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M4; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M7; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M9; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M10; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M12; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M15; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M18; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M20; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M21; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M24; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M29; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M36; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M38; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M40; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M43; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M45; Mukri(1) •Mountain,95; M46; Mukri(1) •Kolman,95; NG14; [B]; Ngöbé(1) •Miller,96; OSR.0073; Orcadian(1) •Gill,94; g-g-g-granddaughter; Romanov(1) •Gill,94; g-g-grandson; Romanov(1) •Gill,94; Tsar Nicholas II?; Romanov(1)

16304[C]

•Ward,1993; 35th; Native American(1) •Miller,1996; NOR.0011; Norwegian(1) •Miller,1996; NOR.0012; Norwegian(1) •Miller,1996; NOR.0022; Norwegian(1)

16126[C] 16294[T] 16304[C]

•Miller,1996; FSN.0138; French(1)

I'm still working on this. So if you see changes, you will know why.

Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

TARA THE AGRARIANS (FARMERS)

What do Joan's daughters have in Common with these famous people?

Jesse James, and Russian Czar Nicholas Romanov II (Czar Nicholas II and his family's bones were buried in lime, Amos 2:1)

King George I of Great Britain, King George III of UK, and King George V of UK and Ireland.

 Sophia of Hanover(Granddaughter of King James VI of Scotland and James I of England), Elizabeth Stuart (Daughter of King James VI of Scotland and James I of England)

Princess Maud of Wales became the Queen of Norway, Alexandra of Denmark became Queen of the United Kingdom, and Empress Maria Feodorovna known formerly as Princess Dagmar of Denmark.

These famous Princesses, Princes, Kings, Queens, and infamous outlaw, all share our Mitochondrial DNA. We all belong to the same mitochondrial Haplogroup T, and for us specifically, with Jesse James, we are T2. The men shown here inherited their mother's mtdna just like his sisters, unaltered and intact, but only females can pass on their mother's mtdna. The men's mtdna is not passed onto his children, because his children will inherit his wife's mitochondrial DNA.

What does all of us having the same mitochondrial DNA mean?

Since Mother's pass on their mtdna to their daughters with little or no mutations for thousands of years; then we can theoretically have a common ancestral MOTHER, for all of us walking around with the same T2 mutations. This is a direct lineage from mother to daughter. The other T groups are not directly or closely related, even though we are all T's and technically come from the original T mother.

Mutations in the DNA

Mutations or polymorphisms happen very slowly and are changes in the letter codes of our DNA. There are not so many as to make it confusing to follow or too few to not mean anything. Every haplogroup has numerous clad and sub-clad groups because of new mutations that make that particular group slightly different. Are all the clan lineages still related? Yes, to some degree but not directly. Our direct maternal descendent is the T2 mother that mutated away from her T mother that created our particular group overall. All of the descendants of T2: mothers, daughters, and granddaughters etc., will have the new mutation and become part of the T2 group. T2 is our matriarchal mother.

The Codes

There are four letter codes: A- adenine, T- Thymine, G- Guanine, and C-cytosine, chemicals with the same double-helical structure as chromosomal DNA. Mtdna and chromosomal DNA can both be sequenced using the same process. Mitochondrial DNA are contained, locked in, within each cell and cannot be changed when sperm meets egg like chromosomal DNA can; for example, one child with blonde hair- blue eyes, and the other with brown hair- brown eyes. The mtdna stays intact and rarely changes in some cases from 6,000- 12,000 or 20,000 years. It takes that long.

These codes (A-T-G-C) change or mutate to any number of combinations. There are restrictions; A can only mutate to T and vice versa, and G can only mutate to C and vice versa. When a mutation happens, it gets passed on creating a slightly different code. What makes us T2 is the mutation 16304C. There are T's without this particular mutation. Do we have a common ancestor? Yes. One difference, in our codes, means the farther away our common ancestor is.

Jesse James has the exact 16304C mutation as us; so, one of our grandmothers, a sister, niece, or cousin could be the link between us.

Czar Nicholas Romanov is a T, some say T2, but not an exact match, almost. We have all the same mutations except, we have one more mutation, 207A. We are related, but not closely because our T2 Mother had an extra base code change, he did not have. I don't have his full base code, so I can only go on the published mtdna that is in part. Also, Czar Nicholas Romanov had a heteroplasmy at code 16169. A heteroplasmy is; where there is present, normal and abnormal DNA within the cell. Heteroplasmys can cause mtdna related illness. We do not have that. His cousin had the same heterplasmy which definitively identified the authenticity of his bones. So, the connection we have is that we both come from the original mother. 

Mitochondrial Eve

The theory is there is one mitochondrial Eve, and all the haplogroups evolved from her. Not so, there were at least 2,000 EVES (a previous Scientific Theory that was discarded) which coninsides with my biblical belief that all the races were created on the sixth day. Eve, which is called the Mother of all living, to me, refers to all spiritual living, not all the races. Just like the theory that Black people were cursed by God and came from Canaan, Ham's son. Not so, Noah cursed Canaan not God because Canaan was a child of incest between Ham and Noah's wife Gen: 9:22. The curse had nothing to do with skin color.....Period! For those of you who do not know what it means to "See your Father's nakedness" Leviticus 18:6-8 will explain what this means.

The scientists and genetists are trying to do reverse discrimination, in creation, instead of all living coming from the biblical White Eve, we are supposed to all come from a black Eve from Africa. It's called the" Out of Africa Theory of Evolution". Again, NO race came from another race. All the races were created the same day...Period!

What does T mean? AGRARIANS

T stands for the name TARA and also that we are Agrarians or farmers. Tara (mutated 17,000 years ago and T2- 10,000 yrs. ago) was given this name by Bryan Sykes the geneticist famous for sequencing the mtdna of Iceman, a 5000 year old mummy found in the Italian Alps, in 1991. Cheddar man was discovered in 1903, but B. Sykes analysed his mtdna in 1996 and found him to be a U-Ursala descendant. B. Sykes is also a T, and Tara is predominately found in Germany, France, Britain, Spain, and Scandinavia. Dr. Sykes wrote the book "The Seven Daughters of Eve" telling his story of how he came to discover a mitochondrial link between Iceman and a living person, both having the same K -Katrina(16,000 yrs. ago) mtdna. Another daughter is H or Helena (30,000 yrs, ago). The other daughters are Ursala(60,000 yrs. ago), Xenia (30,000 yrs. ago), Velda (15,000 yrs. ago), and Jasmine (10,000 yrs. ago).

Jasmine is Tara's sister. Jasmine and Tara were actually a group JT (50,000 yrs. ago) that split and became two separate lineages. The Jasmine lineage are also agrarians.

Tara, according to Sykes, mutated away from her mother around Northern Italy, Tuscany to be exact. Tara was also the first to use a hollowed-out log as a boat; hence, Viking ship builders. Tara is found predominately in Europe going as far North as Lapp country, but we are not Lapp Lander or Saami people. The Saami people, deer herders, are mostly a mixed people, mongoloid and Celtic.

Hypervariable Regions

There are two regions sequenced and read in mtdna. They are abbreviated HVR1 (16001-16520) and HVR2 (0001-574).

Our specific mutations in these two regions that make us T and specifically T2 are: 

16126C, 16294T, 16296T, 16304C, 16519C, 73G, 207A, 263G, and 315.1C

16519C means we are Icelandic, and Daddy has this mutation too. We are T because of 126C, and 294T.

Here are some of the related T .Subgroup Associated HVR1 Mutations and what they mean: 

T1 16163–16186–16189 

T2 16304 

T3 16292 

T4 16324 

T5 16153 

DNA Concordance

There is a DNA Concordance where one can look up the specific mutations to see where exactly our descending grandmothers have come from. After many hours of research, this is what I have found T to be.... VIKINGS! We are genetically, almost half Viking based on our mother's mtdna, and historically Vikings (Norsemen) were, for the most part, farmers.

We are Swiss, Finnish, Volga Finnish, Spanish, Icelandic, Portuguese, and Karelian. Isn't that interesting?

There are many T2 cousins in Ireland, Scotland, and Wales. The difference is we have one more mutation that makes us Viking or descended from the Norsemen, 519C. Historically many Irish and Scottish women were kidnapped and forced to be Viking wives, but our combination of mutations means as descendants we are strongly related to the Finnish. These women are also connected to Kent, England, the infamous Norman territory and Northern France, called Normandy. The Norsemen invaded Northern France in 911 AD, and then by 1204 AD, the then known Normans were conquered by the French King Philip and declared themselves French.

This makes sense, since one of Nanna's great-grandmothers was a French Huguenot that fled France for Germany, because of religious persecution. By the end of the seventeenth century, all the Huguenots were out of France.

The Karelians

The Karelians http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wNzj3jlJ-Os&feature=related are Fins that live next to Finland in Russia, as well as Finland. Our fore-grandmother mutated somewhere along the Volga River between Moscow and St. Petersburg, no doubt living in a town, along an established Viking trade route. I might also add, St. Petersburg is right along the coastline of the Gulf of Finland where Lake Ladgoda is, and where a vital Viking trade-route was established, one of many. Russia got its name from the leader of the Varangians (Viking Fins) called Rus. So, those Karelians, their traditional dress and music being similar to Hebrews, could be our T2 cousins, nieces, or Aunts.

Tara Dispersion

Here are some percentages of Tara dispersion: Finland 7%, Sweden 22%, Norway 11%, Denmark 10%, Ireland 7%, Sicily, one specific town, 18%, Estonia 4%, and Ibiza, Spain 18%.

General information about Tara.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)

Some distant relatives here? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lichtenstein_Cave

This is a huge subject to research. Please note that B. Sykes is an "Out of Africa" theorist. Even though my personal beliefs are in conflict, I can only work within the confines of this theory.

In summation, our mitochondrial lineage is T2 with numerous T cousins before us and after us. We have one common ancestor that lived 17,000 years ago, that was the first T mother. Her daughter's mutated away from her little by little, to form their own specific mtdna lineage. How many differences means the farther away our common ancestor is. Still related? Yes, just not as closely as one with no differences. Our mtdna makes us Vikings, Finnish with Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic, Portuguese, and Spanish in the mix.